What is Dialysis?
It is a treatment which is carried out when the kidney exhibits abnormal functioning. Two main types of dialysis processes are known - haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
Haemodialysis diverts the blood towards a device where it’s purified before returning to the body, whereas, in peritoneal dialysis the dialysis fluid is pumped inside the abdomen to clean the blood vessels lining the interior of the abdomen.
What are dialysis catheters?
A dialysis catheter is a thin tube like device used during the haemodialysis procedure to exchange blood between the haemodialysis machine and the body. It consists of two openings, namely:
Although named differently both lumens reside in the vein. In the case of prolonged dialysis, a 3-8 cm long polyethylene terephthalate cuffed catheter is inserted beneath the skin. The cuff acts like a barrier for infections.
How is a dialysis catheter placed?
The usual preferred site for the placement of this catheter is Internal Jugular Vein, in the neck (mostly on the right side). The device is inserted on the right side by making an incision in the skin, further advancing downward towards the chest.
What are the common complications related to this procedure?
How can these complications be avoided?
The person undergoing the catheter placement must follow certain instructions to minimise these clotting and infection risks:
What are the medications given to remove catheter blockage?
Normally, heparin is injected into the catheter, before and after every treatment for the prevention of clots. Occasionally, urokinase commonly called “clot busting drug” can be given for dissolving the clots. The process can be repeated if the clot still persists.
The treatment can help to restore the blood flow and can increase the quality of life.
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